Cyber Insurance Glossary
A complete glossary of essential Insurance terms.
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- Accumulation Periodperiod of time insured must incur eligible medical expenses at least equal to the deductible amount in order to establish a benefit period under a major medical expense or comprehensive medical expense policy.
- Actual Cash Valuerepayment value for indemnification due to loss or damage of property; in most cases it is replacement cost minus depreciation
- Actuarial Report(PC Insurance)a document or other presentation, prepared as a formal means of conveying to the state regulatory authority and the Board of Directors, or its equivalent, the actuary's professional conclusions and recommendations, of recording and communicating the methods and procedures, of assuring that the parties addressed are aware of the significance of the actuary's opinion or findings and that documents the analysis underlying the opinion. (In Life and Health) this document would be called an "Actuarial Memorandum."
- Actuarybusiness professional who analyzes probabilities of risk and risk management including calculation of premiums, dividends and other applicable insurance industry standards.
- Adjustera person who investigates claims and recommends settlement options based on estimates of damage and insurance policies held.
- Admitted Assetsinsurer assets which can be valued and included on the balance sheet to determine financial viability of the company
- Admitted CompanyAn insurance company licensed to do business in a state(s), domiciled in an alternative state or country.
- Advanced Premiumsoccur when a policy has been processed, and the premium has been paid prior to the effective date. These are a liability to the company and not included in written premium or the unearned premium reserve.
- Adverse Selectionthe social phenomenon whereby persons with a higher than average probability of loss seek greater insurance coverage than those with less risk
- Advisory Organizationa group supported by member companies whose function is to gather loss statistics and publish trended loss costs.
- Affiliatea person or entity that directly, or indirectly, through one or more other persons or entities, controls, is controlled by or is under common control with the insurer.
- Agentan individual who sells, services, or negotiates insurance policies either on behalf of a company or independently
- Aggregratethe maximum dollar amount or total amount of coverage payable for a single loss, or multiple losses, during a policy period, or on a single project.
- Aggregrate Cost Paymentsmethod of reimbursement of a health plan with a corporate entity that directly provides care, where (1) the health plan is contractually required to pay the total operating costs of the corporate entity, less any income to the entity from other users of services, and (2) there are mutual unlimited guarantees of solvency between the entity and the health plan that put their respective capital and surplus at risk in guaranteeing each other.
- ALAEan estimate of the claims settlement associated with a particular claim or claims.
- Alien Companyan insurance company formed according to the laws of a foreign country. The company must conform to state regulatory standards to legally sell insurance products in that state.
- All-Riskalso known as open peril, this type of policy covers a broad range of losses. The policy covers risks not explicitly excluded in the policy contract.
- Allied Linescoverages which are generally written with property insurance, e.g., glass, tornado, windstorm and hail; sprinkler and water damage; explosion, riot, and civil commotion; growing crops; flood; rain; and damage from aircraft and vehicle, etc.
- Alternative Workers’ Compensationalso known as open peril, this type of policy covers a broad range of losses. The policy covers risks not explicitly excluded in the policy contract.
- Ambulatory Serviceshealth services provided to members who are not confined to a health care institution. Ambulatory services are often referred to as "outpatient" services.
- Annual Statementan annual report required to be filed with each state in which an insurer does business. This report provides a snapshot of the financial condition of a company and significant events which occurred throughout the reporting year.
- Annuitantthe beneficiary of an annuity payment, or person during whose life and annuity is payable
- Annuities- Immediate Non-Variablean annuity contract that provides for the fixed payment of the annuity at the end of the first interval of payment after purchase. The interval may vary, however the annuity payouts must begin within 13 months.
- Annuitya contract providing income for a specified period of time, or duration of life for a person or persons.
- Appraisalan estimate of value
- Arbitrationa binding dispute resolution tactic whereby a conciliator with no interest in the outcome intercedes.
- Assessed Valueestimated value for real or personal property established by a taxing entity
- Assetprobable future economic benefits obtained or controlled by a particular entity as a result of past transactions or events. An asset has three essential characteristics: It embodies a probable future benefit that involves a capacity, singly or in combination with other assets, to contribute directly or indirectly to future net cash inflows; A particular entity can obtain the benefit and control others' access to it; and The transaction or other event-giving rise to the entity's right to or control of the benefit has already occurred.
- Asset Riskin the risk-based capital formula, risk assigned to the company's assets.
- Assigned RiskA governmental pool established to write business declined by carriers in the standard insurance market.
- Assisted Living Carea policy or rider that provides coverage only while a policyholder is confined to an assisted living facility and meets the policy requirements for coverage.
- Assumed Reinsurancethe assumption of risk from another insurance entity within a reinsurance agreement or treaty.
- Authorized Companyan insurer licensed or admitted to do business in a particular state.
- Authorized Control Level Risk Based Capitaltheoretical amount of capital plus surplus an insurance company should maintain.
- Authorized Reinsurancereinsurance placed with a reinsurer who is licensed or otherwise allowed to conduct reinsurance within a state.
- Balance Sheetaccounting statement showing the financial condition of a company at a particular date.
- Beneficiaryan individual who may become eligible to receive payment due to will, life insurance policy, retirement plan, annuity, trust, or other contract.
- Blanket Coveragecoverage for property and liability that extends to more than one location, class of property or employee.
- Bondsa form of debt security whereby the debt holder has a creditor stake in the company. Obligations issued by business units, governmental units and certain nonprofit units having a fixed schedule for one or more future payments of money; includes commercial paper, negotiable certificates of deposit, repurchase agreements and equipment trust certificates
- Book Valueoriginal cost, including capitalized acquisition costs and accumulated depreciation, unamortized premium and discount, deferred origination and commitment fees, direct write-downs, and increase/decrease by adjustment.
- Brokeran individual who receives commissions from the sale and service of insurance policies. These individuals work on behalf of the customer and are not restricted to selling policies for a specific company but commissions are paid by the company with which the sale was made
- Burglary and Theftcoverage for property taken or destroyed by breaking and entering the insured's premises, burglary or theft, forgery or counterfeiting, fraud, kidnap and ransom, and off-premises exposure.
- Business Interruptionloss of income as a result of property damage to a business facility.
- Business Owners Policybusiness insurance typically for property, liability and business interruption coverage.
- Calendar Year Deductiblein health insurance, the amount that must be paid by the insured during a calendar year before the insurer becomes responsible for further loss costs.
- Capital and Surplusa company's assets minus its liabilities.
- Capital and Surplus Retirementstatutory requirement ordering companies to maintain their capital and surplus at an amount equal to or in excess of a specified amount to help assure the solvency of the company by providing a financial cushion against expected loss or misjudgments and generally measured as a company's admitted assets minus its liabilities, determined on a statutory accounting basis.
- Capital Gains(Loss)excess (deficiency) of the sales price of an asset over its book value. Calculated on the basis of original cost adjusted, as appropriate, for accrual of discount or amortization of premium and for depreciation.
- Capitation Arrangementa compensation plan used in connection with some managed care contracts where a physician or other medical provider is paid a flat amount, usually on a monthly basis, for each subscriber who has elected to use that physician or medical provider. Capitated payments are sometimes expressed in terms of a "per member/per month" payment. The capitated provider is generally responsible, under the conditions of the contract, for delivering or arranging for the delivery of all contracted health services required by the covered person.
- Captive Agentan individual who sells or services insurance contracts for a specific insurer or fleet of insurers